超音波振動によるキネマティックカップリングの位置決め精度向上

Positioning-repeatability improvement of kinematic coupling based on ultrasonic vibration

緒言

球とV溝あるいは球と円筒などの6点接触によって運動の自由度を拘束するキネマティックカップリング(以下KC,図1)は位置決め再現性が高く,測定機の治具の固定やタッチプローブのオーバトラベル機構などに用いられている.このKCは複雑な機構を用いることなく高い位置決め再現性を実現できるが,さらなる改良が望まれている.
 従来より加工および組立の分野において,2個体間のすべり摩擦を減ずるために接触面を高い周波数で機械的に加振し,相対振動を与えることが行われてきた.本研究ではKCの接触部に超音波振動を加えて摩擦を減じ,位置決め再現性向上を図る.

Introduction

This article reports improvement in positioning repeatability of kinematic coupling. In general, six contact points between two rigid bodies perfectly constrain six degrees of freedom of movement. However, static friction at the contact points generates stick-slip motion and spoils the positioning accuracy. It is well known that ultrasonic vibration reduce the sliding frictional force. Thus, this study deals with an effect of ultrasonic vibration on the positioning repeatability of the coupling. In the experiment, three non-contact displacement sensors measured the coupling displacement in x-, y- and z-directions while an ultrasonic actuator excited the coupling under conditions of several oscillating patterns, amplitudes, lubrication and loads. Experimental results showed that the ultrasonic vibration decreased the positioning error from 140 nmp-p to 40 nmp-p.



Fig.1 Kinematic coupling consisting of three balls and V-grooves
Fig.2 Kinematic coupling consisting of three cylinders and balls


Fig.3 Experimental setup with three non-contact displacement sensors and ultrasonic actuator


Fig.4 Experimental setup



Fig.4 Measured displacement in x-direction with oscillationg patterns of A (without oscillation) and C (with oscillation)


Papers


Conference proceedings

  1. Takaaki Oiwa, Hiroshi Tanaka and Junichi Asama: Improvement in Positioning Repeatability of Kinematic Coupling Based on Ultrasonic Oscillation, The 2nd IFToMM Asian Conference on Mechanisms and Machine Science, (Nov.7-10, 2012, Tokyo, Japan)
  2. 大岩孝彰,田中 弘志,朝間淳一:超音波振動によるキネマティックカップリングの位置決め精度向上(第2報),2012年度精密工学会秋季大会学術講演会講演論文集,pp.15-16(2012.9.14,九州工業大学)
  3. 加藤大貴,大岩孝彰,佐藤元宥,朝間淳一:超音波振動によるキネマティックジョイントの位置決め精度向上,2011年度精密工学会春季大会学術講演会講演論文集,pp.487-488(2011.03,東洋大学)




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